9/11/2023 0 Comments Cmake vs make![]() ![]() ![]() A lot of people just follow the instructions blindly, not really caring about why we need to do things in a certain way. You are supposed to run “cmake” and “make” commands on the terminal. You must have seen those “CMakeLists.txt” files floating around. ![]() When you join a big company or start working on a project with a large codebase, there are all these builds that you need to take care of. The GNU version of make has particularly good documentation: has it in various forms.Programmers have been using CMake and Make for a long time now. There is a whole lot of to learn about make if you want to learn it fully. Since make is generic and powerful, it is typically used to automate the whole process from unpacking a source tarball to the point where the software is ready to be used by the user. A typical Makefile will have a rule to clean out unwanted files: clean:Īnother rule might run tests: check: myappĪ Makefile might "build" documentation: run a tool to convert documentation from some markup language to HTML and PDF, for example.Ī Makefile might have an install rule to copy the binary program it builds to wherever the user or system administrator wants it installed.Īnd so on. Make can do more than just compile programs. $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o mycmd main.o foo.o bar.o Thus, the above rule could be shortened to this: foo.o: foo.hĪ small program consisting of three modules might have a Makefile like this: mycmd: main.o foo.o bar.o For example, it knows that a foo.o can be built from a foo.c, and it knows what the command to do so is. Since these files are (traditionally) written by hand, make has a lot of magic to let you shorten the rules. Make reads its rules from a file that is usually called a Makefile. (The above is not actual syntax: make wants the commands indented by a TAB characters, which I can't do in this editing mode. This rule tells make that the file foo.o depends on the files foo.c and foo.h, and if either of them changes, it can be built by running the command on the second line. It does this by following rules created by the programmer. It would be time-consuming to always compile everything after you change anything, so make is designed to only compile the parts that need to be re-compiled after a change. A typical C program consists of several modules (.c) and header files (.h). Make is useful for controlling the build process of a project. Gcc is a C compiler: it takes a C source file and creates machine code, either in the form of unlinked object files or as an actual executable program, which has been linked to all object modules and libraries. Make gets its knowledge of how to build your program from a file called the makefile, which lists each of the non-source files and how to compute it from other files. Make is a tool which controls the generation of executables and other non-source files of a program from the program's source files. The description from GNUmake is as follows: GNUmake is one popular implementation of make. It also tracks dependencies between various source files and object files that result from compilation of sources and does only the operations on components that have changed since last build. Make is a "build tool" that invokes the compiler (which could be gcc) in a particular sequence to compile multiple sources and link them together. The GNU Compiler Collection (usually shortened to GCC) is a compiler system produced by the GNU Project supporting various programming languages. Wikipedia page on GCC describes it as a "compiler system": It supports multiple languages, but does not knows how to combine several source files into a non-trivial, running program - you will usually need at least two invocations of gcc (compile and link) to create even the simplest of programs. ![]()
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